Mechanochemical bottom-up synthesis of phosphorus-linked, heptazine-based carbon nitrides using sodium phosphide

• Blaine G. Fiss,
• Georgia Douglas,
• Michael Ferguson,
• Jorge Becerra,
• Jesus Valdez,
• Trong-On Do,
• Tomislav Friščić and
• Audrey Moores

Beilstein J. Org. Chem. 2022, 18, 1203–1209, doi:10.3762/bjoc.18.125

• [13][14][15][16][17], nanomaterials [18][19][20][21][22], in crystal engineering [23][24][25], as well as in the synthesis of inorganic materials [26][27][28][29][30] and organic small molecules [31][32][33][34][35][36][37]. The ability to avoid bulk solvent and mild reaction conditions allowed by

A Se···O bonding catalysis approach to the synthesis of calix[4]pyrroles

• Qingzhe Tong,
• Zhiguo Zhao and
• Yao Wang

Beilstein J. Org. Chem. 2022, 18, 325–330, doi:10.3762/bjoc.18.36

• advances in the research fields of crystal engineering [26], medicinal chemistry [27], anion recognition [28][29][30][31][32] and transport [33][34][35]. In addition, intramolecular chalcogen bonding interactions have been suggested to stabilize reactive intermediates in a range of isothiourea-catalyzed

Co-crystallization of an organic solid and a tetraaryladamantane at room temperature

• Fabian Rami,
• Jan Nowak,
• Felix Krupp,
• Wolfgang Frey and
• Clemens Richert

Beilstein J. Org. Chem. 2021, 17, 1476–1480, doi:10.3762/bjoc.17.103

• organic compounds, and crystallization continues to be as much of an art as a science. Crystal engineering is a burgeoning field [1], but it continues to be challenging to predict the crystal system in which a compound will crystallize [2], the rate at which crystallization will occur, or the likelihood

Structural effects of meso-halogenation on porphyrins

• Keith J. Flanagan,
• Maximilian Paradiz Dominguez,
• Zoi Melissari,
• Hans-Georg Eckhardt,
• René M. Williams,
• Dáire Gibbons,
• Caroline Prior,
• Gemma M. Locke,
• Alina Meindl,
• Aoife A. Ryan and
• Mathias O. Senge

Beilstein J. Org. Chem. 2021, 17, 1149–1170, doi:10.3762/bjoc.17.88

• , Trinity College Dublin, The University of Dublin, Dublin 2, Ireland Van ‘t Hoff Institute for Molecular Sciences, University of Amsterdam, P.O. Box 94157, 1090 GD Amsterdam, The Netherlands 10.3762/bjoc.17.88 Abstract The use of halogens in the crystal engineering of supramolecular porphyrin assemblies

• need of crystallization, using DFT calculations with a high degree of accuracy. Keywords: conformational analysis; crystal engineering; halogenation; macrocycles; porphyrins; Introduction Crystal engineering using porphyrins as a scaffolding unit has been a topic of increasing interest over the past

• ‘guests’ within the crystal lattice, through hydrogen-bonding and van der Waals forces. Thereafter, research over the crystal engineering of porphyrins has focused on the noncovalent interactions, such as hydrogen bonds and halogen bonds, or metal coordination interactions [2][3][4][5][6][7][8][9][10][11

Models of necessity

• Timothy Clark and
• Martin G. Hicks

Beilstein J. Org. Chem. 2020, 16, 1649–1661, doi:10.3762/bjoc.16.137

• . Descriptions of directional non-covalent interactions, for instance, are necessary for any applications involving crystal engineering. These can be treated adequately using anisotropic electrostatics [102] and dispersion [103]. It is, however, important to limit these extensions to models that are as

Halogen-bonding-induced diverse aggregation of 4,5-diiodo-1,2,3-triazolium salts with different anions

• Xingyu Xu,
• Shiqing Huang,
• Zengyu Zhang,
• Lei Cao and
• Xiaoyu Yan

Beilstein J. Org. Chem. 2020, 16, 78–87, doi:10.3762/bjoc.16.10

• ], diiodoacetylene [15] and iodo/bromoethynyl moieties [16] have revealed that the XB-donors interacting with XB-acceptors (a nucleophilic region) are in approximately linear orientation. Besides, linearity, tunability and hydrophobicity (features of the XB ) are widely applied in crystal engineering, supramolecular

1,2,3,4-Tetrahydro-1,4,5,8-tetraazaanthracene revisited: properties and structural evidence of aromaticity loss

• Arnault Heynderickx,
• Sébastien Nénon,
• Olivier Siri,
• Vladimir Lokshin and
• Vladimir Khodorkovsky

Beilstein J. Org. Chem. 2019, 15, 2059–2068, doi:10.3762/bjoc.15.203

• the formation of hydrogen bonds, an approach known as ‘crystal engineering’ (see, for instance, [13][14] and references therein). Indeed, whereas several two-component molecular systems cocrystallizing in a special layered way involving pyrazine, quinoline and phenazine as the H-bond acceptor and

Fluorinated azobenzenes as supramolecular halogen-bonding building blocks

• Esther Nieland,
• Oliver Weingart and
• Bernd M. Schmidt

Beilstein J. Org. Chem. 2019, 15, 2013–2019, doi:10.3762/bjoc.15.197

• in the field of crystal engineering [1]. Only few supramolecular capsules were reported so far [29], including the resorcin[4]arene capsules of Diederich and co-workers [21][23], triangular macrocycles assembled by self-complemented halogen bonding [20] and halogen bond templated, polyfluorinated

Synthesis and supramolecular self-assembly of glutamic acid-based squaramides

• Juan V. Alegre-Requena,
• Marleen Häring,
• Isaac G. Sonsona,
• Alex Abramov,
• Eugenia Marqués-López,
• Raquel P. Herrera and
• David Díaz Díaz

Beilstein J. Org. Chem. 2018, 14, 2065–2073, doi:10.3762/bjoc.14.180

• crystal engineering [13][14][15][16][17]. Despite their isosteric relationship with ureas, which have become key synthons in supramolecular chemistry [18][19], there are only a few reports on the formation of self-assembled supramolecular gels using squaramide derivatives [20][21][22][23]. Along this line

A novel application of 2-silylated 1,3-dithiolanes for the synthesis of aryl/hetaryl-substituted ethenes and dibenzofulvenes

• Grzegorz Mlostoń,
• Paulina Pipiak,
• Róża Hamera-Fałdyga and
• Heinz Heimgartner

Beilstein J. Org. Chem. 2017, 13, 1900–1906, doi:10.3762/bjoc.13.185

• ethenes form an important class of organic compounds with a growing number of applications in materials chemistry, crystal engineering, photooptics, etc. Among these, the thiophen-2-yl-substituted ethenes [1][2][3][4][5] as well as dibenzofulvenes-containing compounds [6][7][8][9] are of special interest

Supramolecular chemistry: from aromatic foldamers to solution-phase supramolecular organic frameworks

• Zhan-Ting Li

Beilstein J. Org. Chem. 2015, 11, 2057–2071, doi:10.3762/bjoc.11.222

• mixtures, although I had been to Beijing for X-ray diffraction experiments at Peking University. We thus proposed that the two compounds formed 1:1 charge-transfer complexes (Scheme 1). Currently, this N···I interaction is termed as halogen bonding, which is widely used in supramolecular crystal

• engineering [6][7]. My Ph.D. training in synthetic methodology and fluorine chemistry had an important influence on my research activity. When I initiated a project, the first thing I would think of and discuss with my students is the synthetic route for the target molecules. Fluorine-containing molecules

Derivatives of the triaminoguanidinium ion, 3. Multiple N-functionalization of the triaminoguanidinium ion with isocyanates and isothiocyanates

• Jan Szabo,
• Kerstin Karger,
• Nicolas Bucher and
• Gerhard Maas

Beilstein J. Org. Chem. 2014, 10, 2255–2262, doi:10.3762/bjoc.10.234

• . Molecular architectures of this kind could be useful under several aspects, for example in biologically active compounds, as novel ligands in metal complexes, for the construction of dendrimers, and in crystal engineering. Along these lines, several 1,2,3-tris(iminyl)guanidines have been prepared from

• biological activity studies, and in crystal engineering. Solid-state structure of 7a·3CH3CN. Left: Molecular structure with numbering of atoms. Right: N–H···Cl, N–H···N(acetonitrile) and N–H···O hydrogen bonds. Thermal displacement ellipsoids are drawn at the 30% probability level. Selected bond lengths (Å

Spin state switching in iron coordination compounds

• Philipp Gütlich,
• Ana B. Gaspar and
• Yann Garcia

Beilstein J. Org. Chem. 2013, 9, 342–391, doi:10.3762/bjoc.9.39

Preparation of mixed trialkyl alkylcarbonate derivatives of etidronic acid via an unusual route

• Petri A. Turhanen,
• Janne Weisell and
• Jouko J. Vepsäläinen

Beilstein J. Org. Chem. 2012, 8, 2019–2024, doi:10.3762/bjoc.8.228

• have been considered as growth inhibitors for parasitic diseases such as malaria [8] and have found applications in crystal-engineering studies [9]. BP prodrugs have attracted recent interest due to their ability to inhibit isoprenoid biosynthesis [10]. Etidronate, (1-hydroxyethylidene)-1,1

Chiral gels derived from secondary ammonium salts of (1R,3S)-(+)-camphoric acid

• Tapas Kumar Adalder,
• N. N. Adarsh,
• Ravish Sankolli and
• Parthasarathi Dastidar

Beilstein J. Org. Chem. 2010, 6, 848–858, doi:10.3762/bjoc.6.100

• powder X-ray diffraction. Structure property correlation based on X-ray diffraction techniques remain inconclusive indicating that some of the integrated part associated with the gelation phenomena requires a better understanding. Keywords: crystal engineering; LMOG; single crystal X-ray diffraction

• a known gelator scaffold. But recent advances in the supramolecular chemistry [33] and crystal engineering [34] has made it possible to design a gelator molecule in a rational manner by exploiting a supramolecular synthon [35] approach, at least for certain classes of gelling agents [3]. We have

The subtle balance of weak supramolecular interactions: The hierarchy of halogen and hydrogen bonds in haloanilinium and halopyridinium salts

• Kari Raatikainen,
• Massimo Cametti and
• Kari Rissanen

Beilstein J. Org. Chem. 2010, 6, No. 4, doi:10.3762/bjoc.6.4

• used in crystal engineering, until the late ’90s when G. Resnati and P. Metrangolo [11][12][13][14][15][16] made a major breakthrough in the field by exploring the use of perfluorocarbon (PFC) iodides and aliphatic amines in the formation of strong halogen–nucleophile interactions, from then

• in crystal engineering [18][19], and lately it has widely and successfully applied in other fields of material science, such as in supramolecular separations, liquid crystals, organic semiconductors and paramagnetic materials technologies [20][21]. Recently, the important role of XBs in biological

• chemistry and crystal engineering is to identify the hierarchies of non-covalent interactions in order to develop efficient synthetic strategies for attaining advanced supramolecular systems [1]. The structure of a supramolecular assembly in crystalline solids generally results from the balance of all

Versatile supramolecular reactivity of zinc-tetra(4-pyridyl)porphyrin in crystalline solids: Polymeric grids with zinc dichloride and hydrogen-bonded networks with mellitic acid

• Sophia Lipstman and
• Israel Goldberg

Beilstein J. Org. Chem. 2009, 5, No. 77, doi:10.3762/bjoc.5.77

• Sophia Lipstman Israel Goldberg School of Chemistry, Sackler Faculty of Exact Sciences, Tel Aviv University, 69978 Ramat Aviv, Tel Aviv, Israel 10.3762/bjoc.5.77 Abstract Crystal engineering studies confirm that the zinc-tetra(4-pyridyl)porphyrin building block reveals versatile supramolecular

• connectivity between the component species. Keywords: coordination polymers; crystal engineering; hydrogen-bonded networks; porphyrin assemblies; supramolecular chemistry; Introduction The tetra(4-pyridyl)porphyrin entity in its free-base (TPyP) as well as its metallated (MTPyP) forms has an extraordinarily

Inversion symmetry and local vs. dispersive interactions in the nucleation of hydrogen bonded cyclic n-mer and tape of imidazolecarboxamidines

• Sihui Long,
• Venkatraj Muthusamy,
• Peter G. Willis,
• Sean Parkin and
• Arthur Cammers

Beilstein J. Org. Chem. 2008, 4, No. 23, doi:10.3762/bjoc.4.23

• related to the coordinates involving one dihedral angle and hydrogen bonding. The results establish a connection between solution and solid phase conformation. Keywords: counterpoise; crystal engineering; packing motif; solution conformation; Wallach's rule; Introduction Bonding in organic compounds and

Crystal engineering of analogous and homologous organic compounds: hydrogen bonding patterns in trimethoprim hydrogen phthalate and trimethoprim hydrogen adipate

• Packianathan Thomas Muthiah,
• Savarimuthu Francis,
• Urszula Rychlewska and
• Beata Warżajtis

Beilstein J. Org. Chem. 2006, 2, No. 8, doi:10.1186/1860-5397-2-8

• supramolecular chain. From crystal engineering point of view, it is interesting to note that the compound 1 has a hydrogen-bonded network remarkably identical with its aliphatic analogue, trimethoprim hydrogen maleate. Similarly the compound 2, resembles its homolog trimethoprim hydrogen glutarate. Conclusion In

• hydrogen glutarate. Introduction Non-covalent interactions are the essential tool for both crystal engineering and supramolecular chemistry [1][2][3][4]. Supramolecular synthons are the building motif for these fields [5]. Hydrogen bonding is the most important non-covalent interactions. It plays a vital

Hydrogen bonding patterns in the cocrystals of 5-nitrouracil with several donor and acceptor molecules

• Reji Thomas,
• R. Srinivasa Gopalan,
• G. U. Kulkarni and
• C. N. R. Rao

Beilstein J. Org. Chem. 2005, 1, No. 15, doi:10.1186/1860-5397-1-15

• the mandates of the field of crystal engineering. [1][2][3][4][5] Hydrogen bond is almost universally present in molecular crystals. The work in this field is therefore centered on rationalizing and predicting hydrogen bonding patterns and motifs involved in the crystal structures. [6][7][8][9][10][11